The Role of Play Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Role of Play - Essay Example The unwinding theory brings up that play is a methods for recovering from sluggishness and hard work, while the training speculation articulates play as a basic action (Isbell and Raines, 2013). Inside present day assumptions of psychoanalytic development, scholars focused on enthusiastic advancement qualities whereby delight is practiced through satisfaction of wishes inside play. These people accepted that children thought of agreeable affiliations and increase responded trust. The constructivist theory sees play as a methods by which children figure out how to fathom encounters. The sociocultural hypothesis investigates the sociocultural and ordered powers, which impacts the kid’s subjective turn of events. Intellectual adjustment scholars accept that play is a way to advance psychological adjustment (Isbell and Raines, 2013). Theory of brain verbalizes that imagine play uses mental exhibition, and pretend as a methods for grasping others. Experience and prospects all through play are crucial to neural pathways and learning advancement since play offers the structure for encounters. Play is significant on the grounds that it is the essential vehicle for the advancement of originations and understanding of issues. Inside educational programs, play helps in learning, cultural, engine expertise, passionate, academic, and language improvement. The cutting edge origination of fun loving nature focuses on the interior aura of being perky. Children experience tangible investigation, egocentric theory, and individual experimentation to pick up fun loving nature and cleverness (Isbell and Raines, 2013). Cultural play takes in kids’ ability to interrelate with peers. Socio-emotional play assesses in any event 2 children who interrelate verbally and work together inside their action, managing their capacities in response to different children. The play environ is very multifaceted and is comprised of physical, just as cultural

Shakespearean Female Characters And Roles

Shakespearean Female Characters And Roles During the Elizabethan period ladies were not permitted to perform by law as they were peasants around then. Little fellows, otherwise called clean shaven young men were employed to act to assume the jobs of more youthful ladies in plays, for example, Juliette. These young men hadnt arrived at pubescence hence still have smooth skin and high pitch voices. The more established ladies in plays, for example, Julettes nurture, were performed by grown-up male comic entertainers The ensembles utilized for the female characters were mind boggling as they needed to mirror the garments worn during the Elizabethan period. They were built with numerous layers of apparel which made it hard for the kid entertainers to get dressed. They additionally wore wigs, or periwigs to give to a greater extent a female effect. They applied white make up which were toxic and exceptionally toxic. This got the female entertainers to be unfortunate just as having facial skin sicknesses. This caused a high extent of them who kicked the bucket of lead harming. This wasnt a wonderful activity for them, they were likewise payed the most reduced out of the considerable number of on-screen characters. Each shade of garments had its own significance. They were identified with the characters status and rank of the play. These implications were comprehended by the crowd as it additionally the equivalent in their day by day lives. The shading, material and style of the attire pass on a gigantic measure of data. It will likewise show the job of the character he is playing. The higher positioned outfits were fundamentally made of velvets, futs, silks or ribbon the Upper Class crowd would simple perceive the material. The lower positioned outfits were made of cottons and traffeta. There are many sort of female character which Shakespeare has created risqué lady, lamentable guiltless lady, the conspiring femme lethal, the clever however unmariable lady, the wedded of lady, the ladies who dress like men and the dishonestly blamed for infidelity. Every one of these sorts of character must be performed by the female entertainers. The off color lady characters are sexualized, shameless and coquettish, for example, the Nurse in Romeo and Juliet, Margaret in Much Ado about Nothing or Audrey in As you Like It. The female on-screen characters would need to depict this character by utilizing sexual insinuation while talking. Their spruce up would likewise must be lower class. The terrible honest lady, for example, Juliet from Romeo and Juliet are frequently unadulterated and go without sex in the start of the play, and kick the bucket when their blamelessness is lost. The depiction of these characters would must have a high social remaining to the demise appear to be p rogressively grievous. A genuine case of the plotting femme lethal character is Lady MacBeth. Her control of Macbeth them to both of their demises, as she ends it all and he is killed. Having the option to consummately showcase this character they would need to be introduced as shrewd, intense and autonomous. Numerous Shakespeares comedies end with a lady getting hitched the offered lady. They are performed by the little youngster entertainers, to have the option to go about as Helena and Hermia from the Midsummer Nights Dream. There are sure characters from Shakespeare who are ladies however dress like men, for example, Rosalind in As you Like It and Viola from Twelfth Night. These characters are clearly as of now performed by men consequently being an a lot simpler undertaking and having more opportunity, featuring the absence of social freedom for ladies. In Shakespeares plays (Othello) ladies are here and there are dishonestly blamed for homicide. This shows male weakness and fe male sexuality. In the play Romeo and Juliet, Juliet is played by the little youngster on-screen characters as she is a young lady. In the beginning of the play the entertainer should perform Juliet as a youthful and credulous young lady. Sick look to life, if looking preferring mmove:/But not any more profound will I endart mine eye/Than your agree invigorates fly. This is proof that she is consistent with her folks wishes, and unpracticed in issues of the heart. In Act 1 Scene 5, the on-screen character should have the option to present a delightful work communicating her adoration. Her advancement in her character in this scene show that she is splendid and canny. Voice is significant particularly when demonstrating genuine sentiments of Juliet for Romeo. The entertainer should be talking in monologue in the gallery, demonstrating development. Freedom and insubordination should be communicated toward the finish of Act 3. She shows fortitude t o do whatever she needs to do to be with her significa nt other taking the mixture from Friar Laurence. In 1660 that was the main time where Women were just permitted to perform in front of an audience as on-screen characters. The response from the crowd were sure and the little fellow entertainers wouldnt need to wear such dress and make-up any longer. Anyway they didn't get a similar status as the men did in the theater. They had a much lower pay than the male on-screen characters and scarcely any of them became dramatists. Presently in the current day, people perform together in front of an audience, getting a similar measure of regard and status-including Shakespeares plays. Because of the rights they have been allowed this has gotten ordinary and in truth plays a positive effect in current auditorium as it execution has become progressively reasonable and less nauseate to the crowd particularly during sexual landscape. Some of Shakespearean plays are prohibited from performing as a result of his depiction of female characters and how they are dealt with.

Plagiarism (research-effects, causes, solutions) Essay

Unoriginality (investigate impacts, causes, arrangements) - Essay Example (Force F C, et al., 2008, p.338.). Clearly every one of these components urge understudies to submit purposeful cheating in their works. Be that as it may, there are circumstances when coincidental copyright infringement happens. It might occur if the understudy doesn't have a clue about the correct standards of reference or the general show of literary theft. Teachers have the ethical obligation to instruct understudies about the correct strategy for utilizing sources. Despite the fact that understudies are constantly considered as the culprits, all things considered, written falsification is the disappointment of tutoring framework. To outline, dreary talks, uninteresting assignments, pointless or rehashed works are a portion of the causes why understudies will in general counterfeit in their course. Numerous schools are not worried about the nature of the coursework they allot to their understudies. Instructors regularly utilize a similar task semester after semester which unavoidably brief understudies to duplicate from others. In the event that educators are not imaginative in planning course work, they can not demand understudies to be not kidding about their work. Consequently, unoriginality is inadvertently advanced in numerous foundations. It occurs as we overlook the fundamental goals of instruction. The sole target of instruction is to make potential and capable residents. In the event that the framework neglects to produce prepared exper ts, over the long haul, it would destruct the general dependability of the country. Truth be told, counterfeiting is a multifaceted issue that has extensive consequences for the general public. At first, it hampers the imagination of the understudies who appropriate. Since the literary thief doesn't start any push to the task, his/her scholarly capacities won't be upgraded. Besides, the demonstration would cause relationship breakdown among understudy and instructor. (Eisner and Vicinus, 2008, p.190). Besides, understudies pass up on the chance to gain further information in their subjects. Albeit cheating would

A Modern Modest Proposal free essay sample

A Modest Proposal for Disposing Homelessness in the United States Every city or town I have ever visited is influenced by the plague of vagrants. The most evident spots where the seriousness of vagrancy is shown are significant urban areas in the United States, for example, New York City, Chicago, and Los Angeles. In spite of the fact that the official number of vagrants in the United States is obscure, everybody can verify the volume of vagrants that they have experienced in the course of their lives. Our unimaginable nation is exposed to such blemishes breathing in our well deserved cash, and I accept this must be halted. Not exclusively are vagrants taking our assets, yet they are likewise putting a strain on our entire being and psyches, as we feel terrible for these individuals’ conditions. As American residents, it is our obligation to ensure the respectability of our country and consistently progress in the direction of a superior life; this is the reason we should institute my arrangement to utilize vagrants to further our potential benefit. My answer for our destitute issue is a straightforward one; we will unload every single vagrants to well off Americans as slaves. To establish this arrangement, we will gather the vagrants off the road either energetically or forcibly, since this arrangement will be really gainful to them. In the wake of gathering every single vagrants, we will have closeout houses arrangement in soup kitchens and havens, seeing as they will never again be utilized for their unique purposes. We will fundamentally closeout the vagrants to the affluent Americans, yet if necessary, we may offer the people to individuals from socialized nations. At the point when destitute families are brought to the closeout houses, they will be sold as a unit; be that as it may, just close family members will be sold together, for example, guardians or watchmen with their youngsters. Any youngsters that are unloaded will be required to go to class during the week and work twenty hours for their lords and work full â€time on ends of the week. This law is basic for it will guarantee that the kids will be instructed so they may better themselves. Anybody that is sold when the person is more established than eighteen will be a slave until their lord kicks the bucket; slaves won't be passed down to family members. In the event that these slaves come back to the roads, they will be re-unloaded to an alternate affluent ace. Youthful slaves will be sold for more cash than slaves who are more than forty years of age. The advantages that join this arrangement won't just improve the personal satisfaction vagrants have, yet it will improve our country. To begin with, vagrants will receive the best rewards from this arrangement. By turning out to be slaves, the vagrants will consistently have a spot to rest. Vagrants will rest either in their master’s home or in their very own uncommon cabin. What's more, the vagrants will be furnished with food and water each day; something they would not have on the off chance that they kept on living in the city. Garments will likewise be furnished to slaves if necessary alongside washing openings. For the youngsters, they will currently be able to go to class and get instruction when they would not have had the option to something else. These arrangements of fundamental needs and different necessities as experts see fit will improve these peoples’ lives hugely. Another advantage of this arrangement is that with the cash we gather from unloading the vagrants, we will have the option to pay off our national obligation. As of February 2013, America’s national obligation is $16,649,703,459,968 (U. S. ). Our national obligation is anticipated to reach more than seventy trillion dollars in ten years and near 200 trillion dollars in twenty years (U. S. ). This obligation is developing exponentially, and my arrangement will help moderate this expansion paying off debtors. In New York City alone there are more than 50,000 individuals every late evening staying in bed sanctuaries and one in each 2,688 individuals is destitute (Bosman). Selling every vagrant for an as much as 5,000 dollars will help start our excursion towards a diminished obligation. In the year 2012, Americans contributed almost 8,000,000 dollars of their own cash to help pay off the national obligation, however they scarcely made a gouge (Smith). With this additional gift, we will have the option to have a huge effect. Alongside this, selling the vagrants will permit us to close down all havens and food kitchens since there will be no requirement for them. In these spaces, we will hold the closeouts so we should pay lease; be that as it may, we will no longer need to flexibly food, garments, or some other thing to the destitute. Around four billion dollars is spent every year on destitute people and families by state governments and private gatherings (Fahy). Adding to this, the government spends around 2. 9 billion dollars forâ federal destitute projects each year (Fahy). Not going through this cash will help our state governments set aside cash and our national government set aside cash each year. Another incredible advantage of selling vagrants is we will no longer have messy individuals littering our roads and taking our cash. Whenever somebody visits a significant city in the United States, this individual is bugged by innumerable vagrants asking for their well deserved cash (Jurkiewicz). In these circumstances, individuals feel frightened by the unclean individual and fear this cooperation (Jurkiewicz). For the individuals that breeze by the destitute, they will in general feel terrible for their activity while the individuals who do offer cash to the destitute are left with the dread that they will purchase liquor or medications; in any case, this is a conundrum (Jurkiewicz). Selling these vagrants will free our general public of these emotions and ungainly experiences, preferably improving our lives. Migrating our destitute won't just tackle our vagrancy issue, it will help decrease the quantity of illicit workers in our nation. In the United States, there are more than 4,000,000 illicit settlers attempting to take our employments (McClellan). Utilizing the vagrants as slaves for well off individuals will prevent them from employing unlawful foreigners to do their housework. Purchasing a slave will thus be less expensive than paying an illicit foreigner, and subsequently individuals will go to buying a vagrant. Furthermore, these vagrants will in all likelihood communicate in English, which will permit correspondence among experts and slaves a lot simpler. This arrangement I have created is basically to benefit our incredible country, and I realize that it will end up being beneficial. Bringing down our national obligation, making our lives simpler, and guaranteeing a protected situation will permit the United States to thrive.

Government 2 Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Government 2 - Dissertation Example It is workable for a minority thought to keep a larger part thought from being established. For this situation, the minority party must have the option to demonstrate an incredible restriction to the dominant part party, which doesn't normally happen. The fundamental thoughts of portrayal have not changed, anyway the manner by which the individuals of the branches act has on the grounds that there is definitely more campaigning and managing interest parties than there were in 1789. Likewise, it appears that the pioneers of both the house and the senate appear to have more force and impact than in earlier years. 2. Talk about the procedure of how a Bill turns into a law in Texas. All together for a bill to turn into a law as per the Texas Constitution, it must go through a vote in both the House and the Senate, much like in the national government. When a bill is reviewed, it is first taken to the House to be decided on. Contingent upon what the bill is identified with, it is appointe d to a board of trustees in the House where a conference is held. The advisory group at that point votes and the bill needs a dominant part vote to pass. At that point, it is brought to the floor of the House for discussion, corrections and casting a ballot. The senate follows a similar procedure, which implies now and then there are two unique duplicates of the bill. For this situation, agents from the two chambers meet to talk about and bargain. That undermined bill is come back to the two houses for casting a ballot with no corrections.

How to Implement Company-Wide Knowledge Management System

How to Implement Company-Wide Knowledge Management System Every business or organization in the world possesses huge amounts of information, data, knowledge and expertise and this amount keeps mounting with each passing day. In order to use this knowledge in the best possible way, there is the need for a system that can collect data, store it, share it and manage it effectively. Knowledge management is a concept that deals with this storing and managing of information or data possessed by a working organization. To understand what exactly a knowledge management system is and how can it be implemented through the company, you can go through the following given information. © Shutterstock.com | ImageFlowIn this article, we deep dive into the topic of knowledge management by learning 1) a brief introduction to knowledge management, 2) knowledge management systems, and 3) implementing knowledge management system.KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT: A BRIEFKnowledge Management or KM is a procedure involving the organization or management of a company’s information or knowledge. It includes gathering, sharing, developing and administering all the information possessed by an organization in such a way that the best use of that knowledge or information can be made. According to the concept of Knowledge Management, knowledge too is an important asset for any company, and it must be used effectively to bring about positive changes and further profitability. Some of the knowledge assets possessed by your organization include databases, reports, documents, files, financial statements, procedures, policies and even experience of all the workers.The concept of Knowledge Manage ment focuses primarily on the important objectives of a business including change, innovation, gaining the competitive edge over others, improving performances, utilizing knowledge as well as sharing or distributing things learned throughout the workforce.Even in spite of the importance of Knowledge Management, most organizations do not have strategies or ways to implement it and use it to their benefit. This is especially important for small-scale companies that may not consider it crucial to devote time and resources of distribution and utilization of knowledge.History of Knowledge ManagementTwo decades ago in the year 1990, the concept of Knowledge Management first surfaced when it was in the form of formal apprenticeship, discussion forums, corporate libraries, on-the-job discussions, mentoring programs as well as training sessions. But as technology began to advance, and computer systems were being widely used, several changes in the definition of Knowledge Management started t aking place. It was in the year 1999 that the term ‘personal knowledge management’ was first introduced, and this term focused on management of knowledge on a more individual level.Later, the importance of knowledge management was further pressed upon, and it started being accepted by organizations as a part of strategy and measurement. Businesses started realizing that the application of this concept could help them drive cultural change and can speed up the process of learning. Today, it is a known fact that knowledge management can offer superb advantages and benefits not only to organizations as a whole but also to individuals.KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMSA Knowledge Management System is a system that is used for the application as well as the utilization of Knowledge Management within your organization. Such a system is considered just one part of the overall concept of Knowledge Management but is an important part. Knowledge Management Systems are of many types, and the mai n purpose they fulfill is that of storing as well as retrieving important data, information, and knowledge. Some of the other purposes they serve include the collaboration of data, locating various sources of knowledge, enhancing the Knowledge management process and data mining.A Knowledge Management System can enable your business to make better business decisions, but this does not make it similar to Business Intelligence in any way. Where on one hand, Business Intelligence focuses on explicit knowledge; Knowledge management systems include both explicit and implicit knowledge. The term ‘Knowledge management system’ is mostly used to refer to IT systems that consist of several software modules linked to a central user interface. A Knowledge Management System can not only help you to train new staff and conduct their orientation but also to promote sales.The following is a list of some of the different categories or types of KM systems:Content management systems;Semantic networ ks;Groupware systems KM 2.0;Simulation tools;The intranet and extranet;Artificial intelligence tools;Data warehousing, data mining, OLAP;Document management systems;Decision Support Systems.Importance of Knowledge Management SystemsEvery day, your business receives a huge amount of data and information. While some of this data may not be important at all, other pieces of information or knowledge could be crucial. It is this data or information that can be utilized to take critical decisions and enable certain employees to improve their overall knowledge and skills. This is why, it is very important to store the information and make it accessible for the future course of the business. This is where the importance of knowledge management systems enters the picture. It is the knowledge management systems that enable you to store the data, manage it and distribute it among the workplace whenever needed.The following are some of the points of importance of these systems:Creates knowled ge and learning-based organizations One of the main benefits of having a knowledge management system is that it helps to make learning a habit and routine for your organization and creates a kind of a culture at your workplace which is inclined towards self-assessment as well as self-improvement. The knowledge gained through the process of knowledge management systems makes use of experience to improve processes and streamline operations.Makes way for innovation and workplace changes Managing knowledge regularly and actively through knowledge management systems also makes way for innovation and cultural change. It enables workplace employees to express their ideas and use creativity to perform tasks.Makes way for better decision making The huge database of information and knowledge is nothing less than an asset or wealth for your organization. Storing and then processing of this data can help you make some important decisions in an easier manner. When your manager or other employ ees have access to knowledge through a knowledge management system, they are more capable of making much more informed choices.IMPLEMENTING KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMSNow that you understand what Knowledge Management is and what is the importance of Knowledge Management systems, it is time to know how to implement these systems in your workplace to gain the maximum benefits. Without the application of KM systems, your organization may be wasting resources and time on the re-invention of knowledge and spending a great deal of money and time on location or identification of difficult to find information.Thanks to the technological advancements as well as the availability of high-speed networks, your organization has a great opportunity to gather, store, distribute and utilize knowledge in a way you would have never imagined. There are many software products, processes and procedures that can enable the effective implementation of knowledge. The following are the steps that you can ta ke to implement knowledge management systems throughout the workplace.Step 1: Identify the various business issuesThe first step is to identify the various business issues by conducting an internal analysis of your firm. Unless you know what the problem areas are, you won’t be able to align the knowledge management systems with the business goals and objectives. You must thus try to evaluate or assess the variety and quantity of the information that your business has stored in databases, on the web, as well as that which employees possess through their personal experiences and knowledge. Efforts must be made to do a cost-benefit analysis, evaluate the complexity of system structures, get to know training costs, security issues, updating costs and analyze existing business practices.Running away from the fear of the huge amounts of information present to be stored or managed is something that keeps many businesses away from the implementation of KM systems. But this reaction does n ot address the business issue related to managing your corporate knowledge systematically and, hence, will only increase it over time.Step 2: Prepare for transitionOnce problem areas have been identified, the next step is to prepare yourself, your employees as well as the entire workplace for the transition. Application and implementation of KM systems deal with cultural changes at the workplace rather than change in technology alone. Your employees may try to resist the change or may even try to oppose it. To avoid this or deal with it you must follow a smart or wise approach and bring about gradual changes. Give yourself and your employees time to get slowly used to using a new KM system, provide them with the aid and training to adapt to new systems and make sure this phase is dealt with patience and understanding.Most people have a natural inclination and desire to learn and share their knowledge. Each and every employee belonging to your organization wants things to be easier a nd more effective. You must thus make efforts to make them understand the importance of implementation of knowledge management systems so that they can embrace change happily.Step 3: Get together a dedicated teamTo make the implementation of knowledge management system successful, a strong team with an experienced team leader is extremely important. You cannot execute the implementation process without putting someone in charge. Getting together a dedicated team helps to streamline the implementation and get a focused approach for reaching the objective. You must bring together a team consisting of a wide range of expertise so that the skills and experience of each team member can be united for a high-impact result. The team leader you select must possess strong project management skills, extensive experience, broad knowledge and top-level people skills. He/she must have good leadership qualities and should be able to understand the importance of knowledge management.The team you ga ther must chart out a well-detailed plan before starting the process of implementing a company-wide KM system. You must be closely involved in the process to ensure everything runs smoothly.Step 4: Evaluate technology needs and prioritize themThe next step is to evaluate and assess the various technology needs and then prioritize them. You must try to figure out the various sources of knowledge needed to solve the business problems. In order to implement knowledge management systems throughout the workplace, it is imperative to know the potential costs that will be incurred, the expertise and the technology tools that you currently don’t possess but would be required. Identification of what is needed and then evaluating what you have already got will help you determine what is missing. Do not jump the gun and purchase expensive technology without discussing it with the core team or concerned individuals.Once you have made the decision of purchasing the needed technology, you must try to determine the best sources for getting that technology. Compare prices, quality, and brand and only then choose the most affordable yet suitable source.Step 5: Determine the major attributes of knowledge management systemNow the next step involves determining the major aspects or attributes of knowledge management system. You now need to define the key features by drafting a checklist to make sure that the technology that you will be acquiring will be able to address the business problems and will also enhance the overall profitability. The following are some of the key features of KM systems:Open Open systems are those which enable the employees to have access to any information from their current location.Distributed Distributed systems are such systems whose components are well distributed across various servers so as to enable access of knowledge to various branches or offices of your business across the globe.Measurable The system must be measurable in the sense that it must be able to measure who accesses which information from which location and so on. Measurable systems enable better management and analysis of the effectiveness of the overall knowledge management within your organization.Customizable A KM system must be extremely customizable and flexible in order to make way for better usability and better individual experience.Secure A KM system must be secure for the threat of loss of information, the threat of duplication and other security issues.Step 6: Rolling out the building blocksThe implementation process of your knowledge management systems must be a phased out process to ensure that the overall objective can be divided into smaller goals to ease out the procedure and make it more efficient. The following are some of the building blocks which you can use for successful implementation of KM systems at your workplace:Phase 1 This phase involves the search for text-based electronic data sources so as to retrieve advanced informati on with the ultimate goal of improving ROI on existing knowledge.Phase 2 This phase requires Knowledge Mining Software as the technology building block in order to improve the process of finding useful knowledge.Phase 3 Automated Categorization Tools can be used to reach the goal of improving the overall speed of categorizing knowledge and improving its accuracy.Phase 4 The 4th phase involves rolling out of the Knowledge Warehouses so as to improve security, functionality and overall performance of knowledge management.Phase 5 This phase involves allowing users to contribute their knowledge to the Knowledge Warehouses so as to welcome contribution and expand the database of information.Phase 6 This is the phase including the pre-building of knowledge maps through Knowledge Mapping software in order to enable quicker access to knowledge.Phase 7 Phase 7 involves execution of the Knowledge Directory software to locate those individuals who possess a certain required knowledge.Ste p 7: Link knowledge to peopleWhen your organization is faced with a certain business problem, then help of knowledge databases may be needed. These databases are not just records and reports of existing information but also solutions or knowledge possessed by employees. In such a situation, finding out who knows what can be a time consuming and hence it is better to link knowledge to people in advance as a part of the overall implementation of knowledge management systems. There are 2 major ways to do so, and they are given as follows:A knowledge directory: A knowledge directory helps employees of your company to find out subject-specific experts within the organization so that they can share the knowledge possessed by them. This directory could act as a platform where a user can find out the list of experts who are most capable of solving a particular problem. This very link between people and knowledge makes knowledge management different from other applications that manage explic it knowledge.Content management: Content management also forms a crucial part of knowledge management systems and is another way to link people with knowledge. You must hire content managers or use the existing ones who will be responsible for gathering information, editing and updating it, as well as ensuring that it is useful and accurate. Maintenance of content or information is of vital importance and can prove to be a lot of importance when an employee is looking for certain data for a project or for finding a business solution.Step 8: Launch the KM systemWith the help of the sufficient amount of funding as well as important resources, the implementation of knowledge management systems can be achieved. Now that you know what your goal is and now that you have addressed the cultural issues and met technology needs, it is time to launch the program. Once the program is launched, you may come across certain problems, issues and gaps that you need to address as you move forward.Ste p 9: Measure and constantly Improve your KM systemOnly after launching or implementing company-wide knowledge management system will you come to know the areas that are not working as per your expectations. Formulate ways to measure the effectiveness of the program and then make efforts to fill the gaps and make required improvements. After making the improvements, compare old results with the new ones and measure the difference. See how your performance has improved and continue to incorporate these improvements as you go ahead. Do not be too quick to dismiss the program because it takes time and efforts for expected results to show.

An Apology to My Students

posted on January 10, 2017 *Names have been changed I was always taught that if you’re going to do something, you might as well do it right. So when I decided eight years ago that I wanted to serve young people, help them find their voices, tell their stories, and give them the benefit of my experiences as a writer, I knew I wanted to be a great teacher. Back then, my idea of a great teacher was someone who studied her subject with respect and passion, who held students to high standards, and who expected the absolute best from those students. The greatest teachers I had embodied each of those qualities and I wanted to be like them. My administrators encouraged this. They talked to me about THE TESTS and how the students needed to be able to score at least proficiently, and how the sophomore year was particularly important since they needed to pass the English II test in order to graduate. Because of the high stakes associated with the THE TESTS, administrators and colleagues extolled the virtues of being a tough classroom manager. The messages they conveyed — both overtly and covertly — included: Don’t let the kids get away with anything. Teachers should have zero tolerance for class disruption. Teachers with noisy classrooms aren’t doing their jobs. But I sensed there was a disconnect. While those students who were naturally quiet, compliant and studious loved my classes, too many kids who live outside that box were chafing under those standards. Students would get angry when I corrected them, even if I did so kindly and without making accusations. Multiple redirections worked with some students, but — no matter how gracefully I delivered them — continued to gall others. I sought solutions to this problem, and theories to explain it. One theory, I told myself, was that those kids were just immature. They were too young to realize the importance of what I was teaching them. They were more interested in socializing than in learning. Some veteran teachers validated this paradigm with their complaints about how so many of the students these days are broken. They come from families who don’t care. Their lives have been messed up by drugs, divorce, despair. They don’t value education — as if these explanations made everything OK. But I knew deep inside something was wrong with this ideology and this knowledge was starting to eat away at my resolve to be that tough classroom manager. I started working with other veteran teachers who encouraged me to be more compassionate, more graceful. But I was still uncertain, confused, afraid of failure. Where was the line? Where was the difference between being a great teacher with high standards that the kids love because they know she loves them, and being a lousy teacher with no standards who the kids like because they can get away with whatever they want? I felt as if I was walking around in the dark, bumping into walls at every turn, and never sure exactly what I was aiming for and hoping I didn’t take a header down a hidden flight of stairs. As I continued to struggle, I caught glimpses of my kids enjoying my lessons, and I had opportunities to sit down and talk to them in small groups about important topics. I saw what was in their hearts in their writings. I knew there was more to teaching than what I was seeing. The kids craved connection, but I held back, only displaying the emotional depth of Spock, because that’s what I thought being a professional teacher was about. I let my co-teachers play the nice guy, while I played the get-your-crap-done-because-I-know-you-can guy. I didn’t know how to bridge the gap between high expectations and letting the kids know that I love them. Then this summer, my principal gave me permission to focus on building relationships. He told me about a retired teacher who had such a good rapport with the kids that after testing, they’d leave the room crying, upset they’d disappointed her, if they didn’t do well. My principal was able to ask me to focus on building those kinds of relationships because my juniors no longer had to take THE TEST. I could work on getting to know them, and then my efforts to get to know them could trickle down to my other classes. (For the record, I only believe in trickle-down-theory in relationships, not in economics. Just saying.) So at the beginning of this year, with my principal’s counsel at heart, and a vision of getting to know and understand my students, I decided to spend more time listening to my young padawans. With this goal in mind, I began each day with a quickwrite, which I’d learned about at the Oklahoma Writing Project Summer Institute. Students would write to a relevant prompt that I’d selected (often based on what I heard happening in their lives and their conversations) for five minutes, then share with their table partner, and then some would share with the class. I, too, would respond to the prompt, and the students would often ask me to share what I had written. I used these quickwrites to not only help build up my students’ writing stamina, but to help them find their voices and tell their stories. I wanted them to see that they each have a voice, that what they say is important, that they can work together to build each other up, and that they can build a comm unity — a family even — through their writing. I started to see that, over the years, I have gotten in my own way with my focus on curriculum, standards, and preparing for THE TEST. But I still couldn’t figure out how to bridge the gap between my desire to nurture, encourage, and edify my students and my need to manage my classroom. That all changed a few months ago when one of my students, Joshua,* suffered a shoulder injury on the football field. He’d had surgery and returned to school with the arm he normally writes with in a sling. On a normal day, this young man is unabashedly boisterous, perspicacious, and enjoys English class. He likes to write, and loves to talk. He is a good leader who will happily encourage his classmates to listen when they’re all talking and I’m trying to get their attention. Yet, as I mentioned, this young man loves to talk and has lots of energy, so he frequently gets sidetracked chatting with his table partner or bounding across the room for a Kleenex, or checking out the books I have sitting on my table, or asking if he can eat the piece of cake I am trying to talk myself out of finishing. (Yes, please make the cake disappear.) He also takes his time when writing, carefully crafting his words on paper in cursive handwriting. So when he mentioned he couldn’t use his right hand, my advice to write left-handed resulted in a painfully slow process that was frustrating even for me to watch. He tried valiantly, and respectfully expressed his frustration at the process, so I knew I needed to figure something else out for him. Fortunately, Google Voice Typing, a Chromebook from the computer lab, and a USB microphone donated by Mrs. Waters English, LLC (and paid for by teachers from around the world) solved that problem. On the day he returned after a subsequent surgery, I was handing out textbooks in class. The idea, since I pull my materials from Teachers Pay Teachers, the Internet, or create them myself, was for the students to put the textbooks in their lockers and keep them there so that the stack of books on my shelf wouldn’t topple over on someone’s head. Really, they were saving someone’s life by textbook sitting. I’d asked two kids to give everyone an orange literature book, and then handed a clipboard with paper to the young woman sitting at the end of the row . I instructed everyone to write their name on the paper, along with the number of their textbook, and then pass the clipboard down the row, around the bottom of the U-shaped desk arrangement, and up the other side. I vividly remember standing on the inside of the U, showing two of the young women where to find the number on their textbooks, when I noticed the aforementioned young man get up out of his seat, pick up the textbook he’d been handed with his left hand, and bound around the outer edge of the room to where the young women were filling out the paperwork. He sat his textbook down right between them and said, â€Å"Hey, will you write my name down?† At that moment, I experienced a sense of frustration. Why was this kid up out of his seat? Again! He was supposed to wait at his desk until the clipboard arrived at his location, where he could ask one of his buddies to write his name. I lifted my hand to point at his seat and had opened my mouth to say, â€Å"Will you go sit†¦.†   when the metaphorical light bulb went on over my head. In that very precise moment in time, it hit me: He is doing exactly what I told him to do. And what the hell kind of teacher tells a kid to sit down and shut up for doing what she asked, but just in his own way?! I put my hand down, closed my mouth, and just watched the room. I wasn’t teaching a lesson, the kids were chatting at a reasonable level, looking for the numbers in the textbooks, or just patiently awaiting their turn. Someone might have even been reading for pleasure. So the enthusiastic young man wasn’t disrupting class. And as someone pointed out to me once when I shared this story, he was actually showing a sense of innovation in how to get the job done. And sure enough, once one of the young women had added his name and textbook number to the list, he worked his way back around to his seat. Fast forward to semester test week. As I have done the past two years, I asked my students four reflective questions to help me understand what they have learned about themselves in my class and what I can do to be a better teacher. One of the questions asked was what grade the students think they deserve. This young man’s answer showed more insight into what a classroom should really be about than I have had in six years of teaching (and way more insight than some of our education â€Å"leaders† have shown in decades of disrupting education): â€Å"I don’t really know what grade I deserve in here because the only thing that makes me different from anybody else is my attitude. I truly believe all of us can pass this class with A’s and B’s, but I see more to it than just a letter on a paper. I see this as something that we grow together with this class. It’s more than just a grade to me. It’s a family of people that are all different, but yet are still brought together because of the mindset you have when you write. It shows the real you.† (Reprinted with permission.) As I ponder my epiphany, the young man’s insight, what this all means to me as a teacher, and what my own shortcomings have meant to my kids as I’ve tried to teach and nurture them, I think back to all those young people who were good-hearted, fun-loving, bright, and just doing what I’d asked them to do, but in their own unique way†¦ and I basically told them to sit down and shut up. I think about Becca who was defiant and angry at first, but very intelligent and a natural leader (for good or for evil) among her peers. I think about Demetria who wanted to be a lawyer, and who loved trying to argue with me during our first semester together, but who had great insight into the topics we discussed and demonstrated strong leadership skills. I think about Carlton, who had such a strong need to talk, he’d chat outloud with himself (which, in his book, did not count as actual talking†¦), and always needed to show off for his buddies, but could sit down with me and another teacher and share with us about living with his grandparents, and missing his mother who was working on the East coast, and his father who was in prison. I think about Connor, a freshman who suffered a career-ending football injury and only wanted to throw spit wads, paper airplanes, and insults in my poetry class. His grandparents had no idea how to help him, and neither did I. He was in my class during my first year of teaching, and I had no idea how to connect with him. I think about McKenna who thought she knew how to run a classroom better than I did (perhaps she was right), and who spent a whole semester fighting me on just about everything I did. But who, after a rather tense parent teacher conference, became an excellent student leader in her class. I am ashamed, and deeply saddened that I did not figure all of this out sooner. I feel like I’ve hurt so many students by focusing on curriculum and standards instead of on them. I am sorry. I wish I could find each of you and apologize in person. And if you want me to do that, you can reach me via Twitter or my Facebook page and I’ll be happy to buy you a coffee at Starbucks and tell you how sorry I am, how valuable you are, how important your voice is, and how you need to listen to people who build you up. Don’t let cranky old teachers — or anyone else — tell you any different. I will probably cry, so you might want to bring Kleenex. Teachers, I still stand by my statement that if you’re going to do something, you might as well do it right. But you also have to realize that what you think is right at a given time might not be. You don’t know what you don’t know. And sometimes your way of  doing something isn’t always the right way for every kid in your class. Keep trying and keep seeking the truth. Trust yourself. Trust your students. Now, go tell your kids you love them — and then listen to them! Looking for ideas on how to lead your classes by building healthy relationships with your students? Join our free  reThink Classroom Management ecourse. Michelle WatersI am a secondary English Language Arts teacher, a University of Oklahoma student working on my Master’s of Education in Instructional Leadership and Academic Curriculum with an concentration in English Education, and a NBPTS candidate. I am constantly seeking ways to amplify my students’ voices and choices.